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09:24:47","authorUrl":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=Mzg4MDU2NjkyMw==&mid=2247487733&idx=1&sn=b82154cf717e95ffb82312b7c55b9c81&chksm=cf726711f805ee07f04c737877750438a7c1a325b2953fe6351003abbd791fd4aa58a56085c2&mpshare=1&scene=1&srcid=0816PMXJWbfxktiDLN2E0LIq&sharer_sharetime=1660612314843&sharer_shareid=b2c0b5f60251d9b9a57cd8a42f051195&key=50d607aa5ddda88e5e340c6bc808e8ed68f137a4151d0e53c009be88b3ba97681edc7bc396c73ee422a81641fc78fa7c95b705ab22c1ab900e13b906a671f19f42e37d087a4c3ecb1dfdb49772312f847cb19a4416fe49432e1ef227887dfce4c98c58da1476663ee30115285a62ab3d611cce07eb226132883bb16342e51f2e&ascene=1&uin=MjIwMDA0MTQxNg%3D%3D&devicetype=Windows-QQBrowser&version=6103000b&lang=zh_CN&exportkey=AfbKKCle5iJ1o%2FQbolcAcL0%3D&acctmode=0&pass_ticket=YvgQ9UwUTAyLKXt52GFH5dQGDCiqnpMhdC6hCOCrZQE%2BGgSEeBnOFxh58bZphK1g&wx_header=0"},"logo":{"logo":"http://x0.ifengimg.com/ucms/2020_35/69B1E601A7AD0653F3D9FD1E4E58B3DC986A1D1E_w322_h54.png","title":"江西"},"domain":"uc737.com","base62Id":"8IUjDkYGSDW","breadCrumbdata":[{"url":"/shanklist/200-/","title":"地方站"},{"url":"http://uc737.com/","title":"江西"},{"url":"http://uc737.com/shanklist/200-213-216131-/","title":"人文"}],"searchPath":"200-213-216131-,200-213-216083-","title":"朱虹 張雷:隱逸詩宗陶淵明","newsTime":"2022-08-16 09:24:47","wemediaEAccountId":"","source":"翻開江西這本書","sourceUrl":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=Mzg4MDU2NjkyMw==&mid=2247487733&idx=1&sn=b82154cf717e95ffb82312b7c55b9c81&chksm=cf726711f805ee07f04c737877750438a7c1a325b2953fe6351003abbd791fd4aa58a56085c2&mpshare=1&scene=1&srcid=0816PMXJWbfxktiDLN2E0LIq&sharer_sharetime=1660612314843&sharer_shareid=b2c0b5f60251d9b9a57cd8a42f051195&key=50d607aa5ddda88e5e340c6bc808e8ed68f137a4151d0e53c009be88b3ba97681edc7bc396c73ee422a81641fc78fa7c95b705ab22c1ab900e13b906a671f19f42e37d087a4c3ecb1dfdb49772312f847cb19a4416fe49432e1ef227887dfce4c98c58da1476663ee30115285a62ab3d611cce07eb226132883bb16342e51f2e&ascene=1&uin=MjIwMDA0MTQxNg%3D%3D&devicetype=Windows-QQBrowser&version=6103000b&lang=zh_CN&exportkey=AfbKKCle5iJ1o%2FQbolcAcL0%3D&acctmode=0&pass_ticket=YvgQ9UwUTAyLKXt52GFH5dQGDCiqnpMhdC6hCOCrZQE%2BGgSEeBnOFxh58bZphK1g&wx_header=0","author":"","summary":"陶淵明生活在東晉末年至南朝初期,是中國偉大的詩人、文學(xué)家、思想家。","imagesInContent":[{"size":45,"width":600,"url":"https://x0.ifengimg.com/ucms/2022_34/5321D78DB403F7EF220A89B5119A1AF13BFECC48_size45_w600_h382.jpg","height":382},{"size":211,"width":910,"url":"https://x0.ifengimg.com/ucms/2022_34/0D5BE799E8162C2AC20ECC7F46BE2E8D9B4A5C19_size211_w910_h1000.jpg","height":1000},{"size":87,"width":1080,"url":"https://x0.ifengimg.com/ucms/2022_34/1FA313EE5D90353E57E42381BF1CDD1427EC7ACF_size87_w1080_h569.jpg","height":569},{"size":43,"width":800,"url":"https://x0.ifengimg.com/ucms/2022_34/714068E6D48B13F8479A9F9BAE43BDF8879D9C1D_size43_w800_h366.jpg","height":366}],"bdImg":"http://d.ifengimg.com/w121_h75_q90/x0.ifengimg.com/ucms/2022_34/5321D78DB403F7EF220A89B5119A1AF13BFECC48_size45_w600_h382.jpg","pcUrl":"http://uc737.com/c/8IUjDkYGSDW","url":"http://uc737.com/c/8IUjDkYGSDW","commentUrl":"ucms_8IUjDkYGSDW","skey":"e86a87","voteId":"ucms_8IUjDkYGSDW","isOriginal":"0","contentData":{"contentList":[{"data":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-family: 楷體, 楷體_GB2312, SimKai, "Kaiti SC"; font-size: 14px;\">\u003cstrong>編者按:\u003c/strong>陶淵明是中國隱逸詩人之宗、田園詩之祖,江西歷史上的第一位文化巨人。在《陶淵明畫傳》即將由江西美術(shù)出版社出版發(fā)行之際,我們特摘錄其中一些內(nèi)容,以饗讀者。\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp class=\"textAlignCenter\">\u003cimg src=\"https://x0.ifengimg.com/ucms/2022_34/5321D78DB403F7EF220A89B5119A1AF13BFECC48_size45_w600_h382.jpg\" />\u003c/p>\u003cp>陶淵明(365年-427年),又名潛,字元亮,私謚“靖節(jié)”,自號“五柳先生”,潯陽柴桑(今江西省九江市)人。陶淵明生活在公元四世紀(jì)到五世紀(jì)間,即東晉末年至南朝初期,他是中國偉大的詩人、文學(xué)家、思想家,流傳于世的作品有詩125首、文12篇,后人編為《陶淵明集》。\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://x0.ifengimg.com/ucms/2022_34/0D5BE799E8162C2AC20ECC7F46BE2E8D9B4A5C19_size211_w910_h1000.jpg\" />\u003c/p>\u003cp>陶淵明生活的時代正是東晉到南北朝之間的過渡時期,亂象頻生,戰(zhàn)爭不斷,民生凋敝。陶家世居吳地,先前在鄱陽(今九江市都昌縣),后遷居潯陽(今九江),高祖父陶丹為三國時東吳的揚武將軍,地位不高,曾祖陶侃是東晉赫赫有名的大人物,他的母親湛氏是中國四大賢母之一,祖父曾為太守。陶淵明八歲時,父親去世,家境沒落,外祖父孟嘉是吳地士族、當(dāng)時名士,有“孟嘉落帽”的軼事流傳。陶淵明在青少年時期,受過比較正統(tǒng)的儒家教育,博覽群書,勤于思考,興趣廣泛,精力充沛,非常注重自身的品德情操和文化修養(yǎng)。“少時壯且厲,撫劍獨行游。誰言行游近?張掖至幽州”(《擬古》),不僅讀千卷書,還行萬里路。\u003c/p>\u003cp>陶淵明二十九歲時開始出仕為官,先后任江州祭酒、桓玄幕僚、鎮(zhèn)軍參軍、建威參軍、彭澤縣令等職務(wù),這些官職雖然不高,但是因為江州(九江)在東晉時期的特殊軍事地理位置,陶淵明幾次被卷入政治斗爭漩渦,看盡政治傾軋的黑暗和殘酷,最后他任彭澤縣令八十余天就借故辭官回歸田園,以一篇文辭俱美、云水沁潤的《歸去來兮辭》作為告別十二年的仕宦生涯,開始了自耕自種、飲酒讀書的田園生活。\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://x0.ifengimg.com/ucms/2022_34/1FA313EE5D90353E57E42381BF1CDD1427EC7ACF_size87_w1080_h569.jpg\" />\u003c/p>\u003cp>陶淵明大部分的詩文作于他辭官歸隱以后,二十多年間,他的腳步足跡囿于田園阡陌,他的行動范圍很少走出江西九江,他的詩作主題也和他的生活一樣單純:田園、酒、讀書思想雜記,以及和友人的酬答。按照詩歌的形式,陶淵明的詩歌分為四言詩和五言詩,公認(rèn)成就最高的是五言詩。\u003c/p>\u003cp>陶淵明作為中國第一位田園詩人,他創(chuàng)作的田園詩高標(biāo)逸致,一千多年來引發(fā)詩人們跟隨效仿,形成了中國文學(xué)中獨辟蹊徑的一個派別。“采菊東籬下,悠然見南山”的詩句千古傳頌,陶淵明的田園詩里有一種被陽光烘熱的溫暖明亮的底色,天高地厚,空氣通透,自然與人都在健康茁壯地生長,在這里,生活和藝術(shù)都以簡樸的形態(tài)釋放出飽滿的生命力。陶淵明的田園詩和他創(chuàng)作的不朽名篇《桃花源記》互為印證,把當(dāng)時處在社會里最高層的貴族們鄙視的農(nóng)家勞作生活,安置在了藝術(shù)的最高層,讓所有讀過田園詩的人都向往桃花源,向往詩意的田園生活,給每一個中國人都種下了“田園夢”。\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://x0.ifengimg.com/ucms/2022_34/714068E6D48B13F8479A9F9BAE43BDF8879D9C1D_size43_w800_h366.jpg\" />\u003c/p>\u003cp>陶淵明還是第一個大量寫飲酒詩的詩人,將“詩”與“酒”有機結(jié)合,賦予“酒”成為藝術(shù)的一個永恒主題;他的文章情辭皆美,氣韻生動,一篇《歸去來兮辭》短短百言,開啟了中國文學(xué)的“歸去”主題,被稱為“古今隱逸詩人之宗”;陶淵明被國學(xué)大師陳寅恪譽為“吾國中古時代之大思想家”,他的《形影神贈答詩》將哲學(xué)的思辯熔鑄為高超的生命體驗感悟;他以僅百余首詩文的數(shù)量,成為與屈原李杜并肩的巨匠,他筆下的千古名篇《桃花源記》,被翻譯成多國文字,是世界文壇的一朵奇葩。很多人認(rèn)為他更大的成就是把日常生活詩化,把雞、狗、鋤頭、種豆、喝酒這些生活瑣細(xì)作為詩的主體,從每個人都習(xí)以為常的日常起居中參悟生命哲學(xué)的思考。在陶淵明之前,詩的內(nèi)容不曾這么廣泛,也不曾這么充滿個性和對個體生命的終極關(guān)懷。\u003c/p>\u003cp>對于陶淵明的詩歌特點,有兩個字是所有人都認(rèn)可的:平淡。平淡成為詩歌的境界是從陶淵明開始的,明人胡應(yīng)麟《詩藪》言“陶之五言,開千古平淡之宗”。梁實秋解析陶淵明詩是“絢爛之極歸于平淡,但是那平不是平庸的平,那淡不是淡而無味的淡,那平淡乃是不露斧鑿之痕的一種藝術(shù)韻味”。蘇東坡評價“質(zhì)而實綺,癯而實腴”,辛棄疾感嘆“千載后,百篇存,更無一字不清真”,元好問欽佩他“一語天然萬古新,豪華落盡見真淳”,李東陽拜服“陶詩質(zhì)厚近古,愈讀而愈見其妙”,王國維大贊陶淵明的詩達(dá)到了“不知何者為我,何者為物”“物我合一”的最高境界。\u003c/p>\u003cp>在陶淵明去世后一千六百多年間,對陶淵明其人其文的評價出現(xiàn)了兩條不同的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)。關(guān)于陶淵明其人,素以“靖節(jié)”的品格、超脫的風(fēng)度,生平事跡載入《晉書?隱逸傳》,“不戚戚于貧賤,不汲汲于富貴”(《五柳先生傳》),生前死后都備受尊重。而對陶淵明詩文的接受和評價,卻經(jīng)歷了一個從冷落到尊崇不斷變化的過程。這種變化和中華民族精神文明的不斷深化、審美的積淀相關(guān),可以說對陶淵明的解讀是與日俱新,與時俱進。歷朝歷代的詩人文客長久地欣賞陶淵明,關(guān)注陶淵明,受陶淵明影響,他們?yōu)樘赵娮⑨尅W(xué)陶詩、和陶詩、集陶詩,到了現(xiàn)代陶學(xué)更發(fā)展成為一項專門的學(xué)科體系,成為顯學(xué)。這種現(xiàn)象在中國詩人中,是絕無僅有的。\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>推薦閱讀\u003c/strong>\u003cbr 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for (var i = 0,len = adKeys.length; i 編者按:陶淵明是中國隱逸詩人之宗、田園詩之祖,江西歷史上的第一位文化巨人。在《陶淵明畫傳》即將由江西美術(shù)出版社出版發(fā)行之際,我們特摘錄其中一些內(nèi)容,以饗讀者。 陶淵明(365年-427年),又名潛,字元亮,私謚“靖節(jié)”,自號“五柳先生”,潯陽柴桑(今江西省九江市)人。陶淵明生活在公元四世紀(jì)到五世紀(jì)間,即東晉末年至南朝初期,他是中國偉大的詩人、文學(xué)家、思想家,流傳于世的作品有詩125首、文12篇,后人編為《陶淵明集》。 陶淵明生活的時代正是東晉到南北朝之間的過渡時期,亂象頻生,戰(zhàn)爭不斷,民生凋敝。陶家世居吳地,先前在鄱陽(今九江市都昌縣),后遷居潯陽(今九江),高祖父陶丹為三國時東吳的揚武將軍,地位不高,曾祖陶侃是東晉赫赫有名的大人物,他的母親湛氏是中國四大賢母之一,祖父曾為太守。陶淵明八歲時,父親去世,家境沒落,外祖父孟嘉是吳地士族、當(dāng)時名士,有“孟嘉落帽”的軼事流傳。陶淵明在青少年時期,受過比較正統(tǒng)的儒家教育,博覽群書,勤于思考,興趣廣泛,精力充沛,非常注重自身的品德情操和文化修養(yǎng)。“少時壯且厲,撫劍獨行游。誰言行游近?張掖至幽州”(《擬古》),不僅讀千卷書,還行萬里路。 陶淵明二十九歲時開始出仕為官,先后任江州祭酒、桓玄幕僚、鎮(zhèn)軍參軍、建威參軍、彭澤縣令等職務(wù),這些官職雖然不高,但是因為江州(九江)在東晉時期的特殊軍事地理位置,陶淵明幾次被卷入政治斗爭漩渦,看盡政治傾軋的黑暗和殘酷,最后他任彭澤縣令八十余天就借故辭官回歸田園,以一篇文辭俱美、云水沁潤的《歸去來兮辭》作為告別十二年的仕宦生涯,開始了自耕自種、飲酒讀書的田園生活。 陶淵明大部分的詩文作于他辭官歸隱以后,二十多年間,他的腳步足跡囿于田園阡陌,他的行動范圍很少走出江西九江,他的詩作主題也和他的生活一樣單純:田園、酒、讀書思想雜記,以及和友人的酬答。按照詩歌的形式,陶淵明的詩歌分為四言詩和五言詩,公認(rèn)成就最高的是五言詩。 陶淵明作為中國第一位田園詩人,他創(chuàng)作的田園詩高標(biāo)逸致,一千多年來引發(fā)詩人們跟隨效仿,形成了中國文學(xué)中獨辟蹊徑的一個派別。“采菊東籬下,悠然見南山”的詩句千古傳頌,陶淵明的田園詩里有一種被陽光烘熱的溫暖明亮的底色,天高地厚,空氣通透,自然與人都在健康茁壯地生長,在這里,生活和藝術(shù)都以簡樸的形態(tài)釋放出飽滿的生命力。陶淵明的田園詩和他創(chuàng)作的不朽名篇《桃花源記》互為印證,把當(dāng)時處在社會里最高層的貴族們鄙視的農(nóng)家勞作生活,安置在了藝術(shù)的最高層,讓所有讀過田園詩的人都向往桃花源,向往詩意的田園生活,給每一個中國人都種下了“田園夢”。 陶淵明還是第一個大量寫飲酒詩的詩人,將“詩”與“酒”有機結(jié)合,賦予“酒”成為藝術(shù)的一個永恒主題;他的文章情辭皆美,氣韻生動,一篇《歸去來兮辭》短短百言,開啟了中國文學(xué)的“歸去”主題,被稱為“古今隱逸詩人之宗”;陶淵明被國學(xué)大師陳寅恪譽為“吾國中古時代之大思想家”,他的《形影神贈答詩》將哲學(xué)的思辯熔鑄為高超的生命體驗感悟;他以僅百余首詩文的數(shù)量,成為與屈原李杜并肩的巨匠,他筆下的千古名篇《桃花源記》,被翻譯成多國文字,是世界文壇的一朵奇葩。很多人認(rèn)為他更大的成就是把日常生活詩化,把雞、狗、鋤頭、種豆、喝酒這些生活瑣細(xì)作為詩的主體,從每個人都習(xí)以為常的日常起居中參悟生命哲學(xué)的思考。在陶淵明之前,詩的內(nèi)容不曾這么廣泛,也不曾這么充滿個性和對個體生命的終極關(guān)懷。 對于陶淵明的詩歌特點,有兩個字是所有人都認(rèn)可的:平淡。平淡成為詩歌的境界是從陶淵明開始的,明人胡應(yīng)麟《詩藪》言“陶之五言,開千古平淡之宗”。梁實秋解析陶淵明詩是“絢爛之極歸于平淡,但是那平不是平庸的平,那淡不是淡而無味的淡,那平淡乃是不露斧鑿之痕的一種藝術(shù)韻味”。蘇東坡評價“質(zhì)而實綺,癯而實腴”,辛棄疾感嘆“千載后,百篇存,更無一字不清真”,元好問欽佩他“一語天然萬古新,豪華落盡見真淳”,李東陽拜服“陶詩質(zhì)厚近古,愈讀而愈見其妙”,王國維大贊陶淵明的詩達(dá)到了“不知何者為我,何者為物”“物我合一”的最高境界。 在陶淵明去世后一千六百多年間,對陶淵明其人其文的評價出現(xiàn)了兩條不同的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)。關(guān)于陶淵明其人,素以“靖節(jié)”的品格、超脫的風(fēng)度,生平事跡載入《晉書?隱逸傳》,“不戚戚于貧賤,不汲汲于富貴”(《五柳先生傳》),生前死后都備受尊重。而對陶淵明詩文的接受和評價,卻經(jīng)歷了一個從冷落到尊崇不斷變化的過程。這種變化和中華民族精神文明的不斷深化、審美的積淀相關(guān),可以說對陶淵明的解讀是與日俱新,與時俱進。歷朝歷代的詩人文客長久地欣賞陶淵明,關(guān)注陶淵明,受陶淵明影響,他們?yōu)樘赵娮⑨尅W(xué)陶詩、和陶詩、集陶詩,到了現(xiàn)代陶學(xué)更發(fā)展成為一項專門的學(xué)科體系,成為顯學(xué)。這種現(xiàn)象在中國詩人中,是絕無僅有的。 推薦閱讀国产不卡视频一区二区三区,欧美日韩在线视频,成全免费高清大全,国产精品久久毛片
朱虹 張雷:隱逸詩宗陶淵明