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咋還縮不回去了?","imagesInContent":[],"bdImg":"http://x0.ifengimg.com/ucms/2019_38/AC5B8A2AE18AB61C7067AFFDBBCD12D16295DDA2_w121_h75.jpg","pcUrl":"http://uc737.com/c/8e8gYAOYiOF","url":"http://uc737.com/c/8e8gYAOYiOF","commentUrl":"ucms_8e8gYAOYiOF","skey":"cd4589","voteId":"ucms_8e8gYAOYiOF","isOriginal":"0","contentData":{"contentList":[{"data":"\u003cp>來源:北京青年報\u003c/p>\u003cp>經常在產檢門診接到孕婦抱怨,說剛買的鞋子又擠腳了,就連演員蔡少芬都在某綜藝節目中吐槽,生完三胎后穿鞋從39碼變成了41碼,妥妥的大腳丫。為什么孕期腳變大了,產后也回不到從前了呢?\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>生個娃腳怎么還膨脹了\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003cp>據調查,超過60%的孕婦在孕期穿鞋尺碼變大。導致孕期腳部變大的原因,主要有以下三個:\u003c/p>\u003cp>孕期體內液體增加 妊娠期血容量平均增加約1450ml,其中血漿約1000ml,紅細胞約450ml。血漿增加多于紅細胞增加,孕婦血液處于相對稀釋狀態,血液中蛋白濃度降低,所以血管內血液滲透壓低于血管外。于是,血管內水分會擴散至組織間隙。此外,孕期體內雌激素水平升高,雌激素有延緩體內鈉、水排出的生理作用。組織間隙的水在重力作用下聚集于低垂部位,從而出現下肢和腳部水腫現象。這是導致腳長、腳寬和圍度變大的主要原因。\u003c/p>\u003cp>孕晚期子宮增大,壓迫盆腔和腿部靜脈,影響下肢血液回流,使得雙腳水腫現象更為常見且明顯,嚴重者甚至發生下肢靜脈曲張和血栓。\u003c/p>\u003cp>孕婦足關節和足型變化 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懷孕變大的腳丫 咋還縮不回去了?
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江西 > 健康養生 > 正文

懷孕變大的腳丫 咋還縮不回去了?

來源:北京青年報

經常在產檢門診接到孕婦抱怨,說剛買的鞋子又擠腳了,就連演員蔡少芬都在某綜藝節目中吐槽,生完三胎后穿鞋從39碼變成了41碼,妥妥的大腳丫。為什么孕期腳變大了,產后也回不到從前了呢?

生個娃腳怎么還膨脹了

據調查,超過60%的孕婦在孕期穿鞋尺碼變大。導致孕期腳部變大的原因,主要有以下三個:

孕期體內液體增加 妊娠期血容量平均增加約1450ml,其中血漿約1000ml,紅細胞約450ml。血漿增加多于紅細胞增加,孕婦血液處于相對稀釋狀態,血液中蛋白濃度降低,所以血管內血液滲透壓低于血管外。于是,血管內水分會擴散至組織間隙。此外,孕期體內雌激素水平升高,雌激素有延緩體內鈉、水排出的生理作用。組織間隙的水在重力作用下聚集于低垂部位,從而出現下肢和腳部水腫現象。這是導致腳長、腳寬和圍度變大的主要原因。

孕晚期子宮增大,壓迫盆腔和腿部靜脈,影響下肢血液回流,使得雙腳水腫現象更為常見且明顯,嚴重者甚至發生下肢靜脈曲張和血栓。

孕婦足關節和足型變化 孕期體內孕激素和松弛素增加,這些激素可使各關節韌帶松弛。足部承受人體所有重量,隨著孕周增加,足部承重也逐漸增加,從而導致骨關節間隙增寬,足弓塌陷,足底觸地面積增加,所以孕晚期出現中-重度扁平足孕婦增多。

孕期足部皮下脂肪增多 大部分孕婦在孕期會長胖,其中體內脂肪增加約2至3kg。大部分增加脂肪分布于腹部、臀部及大腿皮下,足部皮下脂肪也較孕前增多。

變大的腳丫多半縮不回去

據調查,超過60%的孕婦在孕期穿鞋尺碼變大。研究表明,女性在孕中期到孕晚期,腳長可增長約7.6毫米,腳寬可增加約8.5毫米,腳圍增加17毫米左右,整個孕期腳可增大1至2個鞋碼。

生產后寶媽可能會有疑惑,明明已經“卸貨”了,產后子宮縮小,各生理指標逐漸回到孕前狀態,為啥腳丫的尺寸回不到從前了?的確,下肢水腫消退,腳長度、寬度和腳圍有所回縮,但由于足部增多的皮下脂肪和孕期承重導致的足型改變不能完全恢復到孕前狀態,所以產后雙腳還是比孕前大一些。

孕前別忘給腳做個風險篩查

為了保護孕期的“第二心臟”,在不同孕期應根據腳型變化選擇合適的鞋和鞋墊。在鞋楦型選擇上應為圓頭和大方頭為主,鞋腔空間增大可減少對腳的擠壓。另外,孕婦足部易出汗,鞋面可選透氣性較好的純棉布料、網布材料以及翻毛皮材質。

關于鞋墊的選擇,應足夠支撐足弓內側,軟硬適中、回彈充分,足底減震可減少行走時足底承受的沖擊力。

基于以上,建議孕婦或準備懷孕女性,可在孕前進行足部健康評估及足弓塌陷風險篩查;孕期控制體重過度增加;孕期自我足部訓練和檢查,走路時腳痛明顯時要警惕足底筋膜炎即應力性骨折;腿腳水腫者應積極評估妊娠合并癥病情,平時可抬高下肢促進血液回流;孕中期和孕晚期要選擇合適的鞋墊和鞋子,有條件者可至專業機構定制個性化鞋具。選擇舒適的鞋不僅能有效緩解腳痛和腰背痛,還可保障孕期活動的平衡性和穩定性,避免孕期摔倒。

文/陳華云(北京清華長庚醫院)