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10:06:07","wemediaEAccountId":"641988","source":"","sourceUrl":"","author":"","summary":"居家常備哪些藥?基礎病患怎么選?家庭藥箱冬季“補貨”指南來了","imagesInContent":[{"size":22,"width":640,"url":"https://x0.ifengimg.com/ucms/qr/2021_35/AEFC2982676095F0A59ED320FEE18A1792F8AB1E_size22_w640_h180.jpg","height":180}],"bdImg":"http://d.ifengimg.com/w121_h75_q90/x0.ifengimg.com/ucms/qr/2021_35/AEFC2982676095F0A59ED320FEE18A1792F8AB1E_size22_w640_h180.jpg","pcUrl":"http://uc737.com/c/8LBPzOQTVRg","url":"http://uc737.com/c/8LBPzOQTVRg","commentUrl":"ucms_8LBPzOQTVRg","skey":"8d4096","voteId":"ucms_8LBPzOQTVRg","isOriginal":"0","contentData":{"contentList":[{"data":"\u003cp class=\"detailPic\">\u003ca href=\"http://uc737.com/fabu/\" ifengapp-data=\"%7B%22type%22%3A%22web%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%2F%2Fuc737.com%2Ffabu%2F%22%7D\">\u003cimg src=\"https://x0.ifengimg.com/ucms/qr/2021_35/AEFC2982676095F0A59ED320FEE18A1792F8AB1E_size22_w640_h180.jpg\" alt=\"居家常備哪些藥?基礎病患怎么選?家庭藥箱冬季“補貨”指南來了\" />\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003cp>近期多地氣溫下降明顯,不少人習慣性地給家庭藥箱“補貨”,以備不時之需。家中常備藥應該包括哪幾大類?家中有孩子、有高血壓、糖尿病等基礎病患者應補充哪些藥?藥物存放又要注意些什么?我們請到中國中醫科學院西苑醫院副主任藥師金銳進行解答。\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:家中常備藥一般包含哪幾類?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003cp>A:建議主要備兩類藥,一類是需要長期服用的藥物,如降壓藥、降糖藥、冠心病等慢病管理的治療用藥、腫瘤治療用藥等,此類藥建議備1-3個月用量;另一類是感冒咳嗽藥品,中藥西藥皆可備,此類藥倡導按家庭人均備量,每人可備3-7天的藥量。\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:冬季呼吸道疾病高發,感冒藥如何選擇?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003cp>A:入冬后易發生呼吸道疾病,家中可準備一些緩解癥狀的西藥感冒藥。常見的解熱鎮痛類藥物包括單方制劑布洛芬膠囊/混懸液、對乙酰氨基酚片/混懸滴劑,以及復方制劑酚麻美敏片、氨麻苯美片等。止咳化痰藥包括氨溴索口服液/片、右美沙芬糖漿/片等。從中醫角度看,寒癥感冒相對較多,可以備些疏風散寒、治療風寒感冒的藥物,或者自己以往常用且有效的感冒藥,包括感冒清熱顆粒/膠囊、感冒疏風丸/顆粒、通宣理肺丸/口服液等。當然,也要準備一些清熱解毒的中藥,以防表邪入里化熱,例如清開靈膠囊/顆粒、銀翹解毒丸/軟膠囊、羚羊清肺丸/顆粒等。\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:慢性病患者應該備些什么藥?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003cp>A:冠心病患者除了準備長期服用的藥物之外,可準備一些急性心絞痛緩解的藥物,包括硝酸甘油片/氣霧劑、硝苯地平片/滴丸,以及活血開竅的中成藥(如麝香保心丸、速效救心丸、復方丹參滴丸)等;哮喘患者需要準備維持治療藥物如布地奈德福莫特羅吸入劑、沙美特羅替卡松吸入粉霧劑,急性發作的緩解藥物如沙丁胺醇氣霧劑、特布他林氣霧劑等;睡眠不好、易失眠人群可備地西泮片、棗仁安神顆粒/口服液等藥。上述藥物多為處方藥,一定要在醫師指導下服用。\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:小兒常用藥有哪些?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003cp>A:小兒感冒治療用藥包括西藥和中藥,西藥以退燒抗過敏為主,包括對乙酰氨基酚滴劑、布洛芬滴劑、復方福爾可定口服溶液。中藥需辨證治療,風寒為主的感冒可選用感冒清熱顆粒、桂枝顆粒、兒感清口服液,風熱為主的感冒可選用雙黃連口服液、小兒感冒顆粒、小兒熱速清口服液、健兒清解液等。其他具有相似功效的中成藥都可以選。\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:家中常用的消化系統類藥物有哪些?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003cp>A:止瀉藥包括鹽酸小檗堿(黃連素)片、蒙脫石散、葛根芩連丸/片等,小兒腹瀉可以選用活菌制劑、小兒腹瀉寧糖漿/顆粒等;通便藥包括乳果糖、開塞露、麻仁潤腸丸、三黃片等;促消化藥包括健胃消食片、保和丸、多潘立酮等。\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:除感冒藥外,還有哪些藥物冬季常用?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003cp>A:風濕性關節炎患者在天氣轉涼后,可能出現腿疼、腰疼等,因此,建議家中備好治療風寒濕痹癥的藥物。\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:中藥飲片需要備嗎?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003cp>A:不建議大家備中藥飲片,因為中藥治療大多為復方,需要請中醫師辨證用藥。如果一定要備,可參考各地新冠肺炎防治方案中的預防方進行準備,常用中藥包括黃芪、陳皮、防風、白術、麥冬、甘草、蘆根等。\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:藥物儲存該注意什么?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003cp>A:外用藥和內服藥分開存放;放置較高位置,避免兒童誤服;應保留藥品原包裝、標簽和說明書,帶盒按說明書要求存放,有的可放入冰箱冷藏;藥箱要避免陽光直曬,貯存在干燥、通風、溫度適宜且陰涼的地方,遠離暖氣;每隔一段時間整理檢查藥物的有效期,防止藥物過期失效。\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:居家用藥還有哪些注意事項?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003cp>A:服藥前仔細查看說明書,按說明書要求進行服藥;片劑、膠囊劑打開后很容易吸潮,出現變色、斑點,發霉不能服用;糖漿劑很容易滋生細菌,出現異味不能服用;眼藥水、滴鼻液開啟后超過1個月以上的,不建議再次滴用。液體制劑出現變色、混濁、絮狀物或瓶塞頂出等情況,不能使用;顆粒劑出現變色,結塊、霉變等,不能服用;丸劑出現變色或無光澤,口服液出現變酸、異味、瓶塞頂出或有絮狀物等,不能服用。\u003c/p>","type":"text"}],"currentPage":0,"pageSize":1},"editorName":"劉楚慧","faceUrl":"http://ishare.ifeng.com/mediaShare/home/641988/media","vestAccountDetail":{},"subscribe":{"type":"vampire","cateSource":"","isShowSign":0,"parentid":"0","parentname":"社會","cateid":"641988","catename":"新京報","logo":"https://d.ifengimg.com/q100/img1.ugc.ifeng.com/newugc/20200716/11/wemedia/9df69457f5e1b68fa3fa5346c11b70fca491dcb6_size56_w200_h200.png","description":"新京報官方賬號","api":"http://api.3g.ifeng.com/api_wemedia_list?cid=641988","show_link":1,"share_url":"https://share.iclient.ifeng.com/share_zmt_home?tag=home&cid=641988","eAccountId":641988,"status":1,"honorName":"","honorImg":"http://x0.ifengimg.com/cmpp/2020/0907/1a8b50ea7b17cb0size3_w42_h42.png","honorImg_night":"http://x0.ifengimg.com/cmpp/2020/0907/b803b8509474e6asize3_w42_h42.png","forbidFollow":0,"forbidJump":0,"fhtId":"4000000087064790624","view":1,"sourceFrom":"","declare":"","originalName":"","redirectTab":"article","authorUrl":"https://ishare.ifeng.com/mediaShare/home/641988/media","newsTime":"2022-11-24 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居家常備哪些藥?基礎病患怎么選?家庭藥箱冬季“補貨”指南來了

居家常備哪些藥?基礎病患怎么選?家庭藥箱冬季“補貨”指南來了

居家常備哪些藥?基礎病患怎么選?家庭藥箱冬季“補貨”指南來了

近期多地氣溫下降明顯,不少人習慣性地給家庭藥箱“補貨”,以備不時之需。家中常備藥應該包括哪幾大類?家中有孩子、有高血壓、糖尿病等基礎病患者應補充哪些藥?藥物存放又要注意些什么?我們請到中國中醫科學院西苑醫院副主任藥師金銳進行解答。

Q:家中常備藥一般包含哪幾類?

A:建議主要備兩類藥,一類是需要長期服用的藥物,如降壓藥、降糖藥、冠心病等慢病管理的治療用藥、腫瘤治療用藥等,此類藥建議備1-3個月用量;另一類是感冒咳嗽藥品,中藥西藥皆可備,此類藥倡導按家庭人均備量,每人可備3-7天的藥量。

Q:冬季呼吸道疾病高發,感冒藥如何選擇?

A:入冬后易發生呼吸道疾病,家中可準備一些緩解癥狀的西藥感冒藥。常見的解熱鎮痛類藥物包括單方制劑布洛芬膠囊/混懸液、對乙酰氨基酚片/混懸滴劑,以及復方制劑酚麻美敏片、氨麻苯美片等。止咳化痰藥包括氨溴索口服液/片、右美沙芬糖漿/片等。從中醫角度看,寒癥感冒相對較多,可以備些疏風散寒、治療風寒感冒的藥物,或者自己以往常用且有效的感冒藥,包括感冒清熱顆粒/膠囊、感冒疏風丸/顆粒、通宣理肺丸/口服液等。當然,也要準備一些清熱解毒的中藥,以防表邪入里化熱,例如清開靈膠囊/顆粒、銀翹解毒丸/軟膠囊、羚羊清肺丸/顆粒等。

Q:慢性病患者應該備些什么藥?

A:冠心病患者除了準備長期服用的藥物之外,可準備一些急性心絞痛緩解的藥物,包括硝酸甘油片/氣霧劑、硝苯地平片/滴丸,以及活血開竅的中成藥(如麝香保心丸、速效救心丸、復方丹參滴丸)等;哮喘患者需要準備維持治療藥物如布地奈德福莫特羅吸入劑、沙美特羅替卡松吸入粉霧劑,急性發作的緩解藥物如沙丁胺醇氣霧劑、特布他林氣霧劑等;睡眠不好、易失眠人群可備地西泮片、棗仁安神顆粒/口服液等藥。上述藥物多為處方藥,一定要在醫師指導下服用。

Q:小兒常用藥有哪些?

A:小兒感冒治療用藥包括西藥和中藥,西藥以退燒抗過敏為主,包括對乙酰氨基酚滴劑、布洛芬滴劑、復方福爾可定口服溶液。中藥需辨證治療,風寒為主的感冒可選用感冒清熱顆粒、桂枝顆粒、兒感清口服液,風熱為主的感冒可選用雙黃連口服液、小兒感冒顆粒、小兒熱速清口服液、健兒清解液等。其他具有相似功效的中成藥都可以選。

Q:家中常用的消化系統類藥物有哪些?

A:止瀉藥包括鹽酸小檗堿(黃連素)片、蒙脫石散、葛根芩連丸/片等,小兒腹瀉可以選用活菌制劑、小兒腹瀉寧糖漿/顆粒等;通便藥包括乳果糖、開塞露、麻仁潤腸丸、三黃片等;促消化藥包括健胃消食片、保和丸、多潘立酮等。

Q:除感冒藥外,還有哪些藥物冬季常用?

A:風濕性關節炎患者在天氣轉涼后,可能出現腿疼、腰疼等,因此,建議家中備好治療風寒濕痹癥的藥物。

Q:中藥飲片需要備嗎?

A:不建議大家備中藥飲片,因為中藥治療大多為復方,需要請中醫師辨證用藥。如果一定要備,可參考各地新冠肺炎防治方案中的預防方進行準備,常用中藥包括黃芪、陳皮、防風、白術、麥冬、甘草、蘆根等。

Q:藥物儲存該注意什么?

A:外用藥和內服藥分開存放;放置較高位置,避免兒童誤服;應保留藥品原包裝、標簽和說明書,帶盒按說明書要求存放,有的可放入冰箱冷藏;藥箱要避免陽光直曬,貯存在干燥、通風、溫度適宜且陰涼的地方,遠離暖氣;每隔一段時間整理檢查藥物的有效期,防止藥物過期失效。

Q:居家用藥還有哪些注意事項?

A:服藥前仔細查看說明書,按說明書要求進行服藥;片劑、膠囊劑打開后很容易吸潮,出現變色、斑點,發霉不能服用;糖漿劑很容易滋生細菌,出現異味不能服用;眼藥水、滴鼻液開啟后超過1個月以上的,不建議再次滴用。液體制劑出現變色、混濁、絮狀物或瓶塞頂出等情況,不能使用;顆粒劑出現變色,結塊、霉變等,不能服用;丸劑出現變色或無光澤,口服液出現變酸、異味、瓶塞頂出或有絮狀物等,不能服用。